[root@web1 ~]# su - postgres
Last login: Thu May 23 18:17:45 CST 2019 on pts/0
[postgres@web1 ~]$ 

　　2、启动服务

[postgres@web1 ~]$ pg_ctl start -l /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/log/pg_server.log
waiting for server to start.... done
server started
[postgres@web1 ~]$ 

　　3、进入postgres数据库，创建用户并授权

[postgres@web1 ~]$ psql 
psql (10.5)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# CREATE ROLE replica login replication encrypted password 'replica';
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# 

　　4、检查所以库用户后退出

postgres=# du
                                   List of roles
 Role name |                         Attributes                         | Member of 
-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------
 postgres  | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}
 replica   | Replication                                                | {}
 test      | Superuser                                                  | {}

postgres=# q
[postgres@web1 ~]$ 

　　5、进入安装目录的库文件配置目录

[postgres@web1 ~]$ cd /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/
[postgres@web1 data]$ ls
base          pg_hba.conf             pg_multixact  pg_snapshots  pg_tblspc    pg_xact                     postmaster.opts
global        pg_hba.conf.2019-05-23  pg_notify     pg_stat       pg_twophase  postgresql.auto.conf        postmaster.pid
pg_commit_ts  pg_ident.conf           pg_replslot   pg_stat_tmp   PG_VERSION   postgresql.conf
pg_dynshmem   pg_logical              pg_serial     pg_subtrans   pg_wal       postgresql.conf.2019-05-23
[postgres@web1 data]$ 

　　6、修改postgresql.conf配置文件，修改如下（修改时记得备份）

wal_level = hot_standby        #热备模式
max_wal_senders = 32         #这个设置了可以最多有几个流复制连接，差不多有几个从，就设置几个
wal_keep_segments = 10240   #设置流复制保留的最多的xlog数目（重要配置）
wal_sender_timeout = 60s    #设置流复制主机发送数据的超时时间
max_connections = 100         #这个设置要注意下，从库的max_connections必须要大于主库的

　　7、打开pg_hba.conf配置文件，设置如下（修改时记得备份）

# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     trust
# IPv4 local connections:
#host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5     #所有ip都可以通过密码连接
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 trust
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local   replication     all                                     trust
host    replication     all             127.0.0.1/32            trust
host    replication     all             ::1/128                 trust
host    replication     replica          192.168.254.22/32       md5

　　8、保存退出后重启主服务器上的postgres库

[postgres@web1 data]$ pg_ctl restart -l /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/log/pg_server.log
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start.... done
server started
[postgres@web1 data]$ 

***在此主就配置完了，现在配置从服务器***

从配置（192.168.254.22）

　　1、进入部署postgres服务的用户

[root@web2 ~]# su - postgres
Last login: Thu May 23 19:27:48 CST 2019 on pts/0
[postgres@web2 ~]$ 

　　2、这里为了方便我直接删除data目录用于备份主服务的数据，如果有特殊的要求建议新建个data1，然后用来做从存储目录（线上项目禁用rm，可通过mv移到垃圾箱）

[postgres@web2 ~]$ rm /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/* -r
[postgres@web2 ~]$ 

　　3、拷贝主数据库中的数据，注意指定的目录，如果新建了目录就指定到新建的目录。

[postgres@web2 ~]$ pg_basebackup -F p --progress -D /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/ -h 192.168.254.21 -p 5432 -U replica --password
Password: 
31380/31380 kB (100%), 1/1 tablespace
[postgres@web2 ~]$ 

***注这里要求输入密码，就是主数据库刚刚新建用户时建的密码（replica）***

　　4、复制配置文件并改名，注意文件路径及文件名称

[postgres@web2 ~]$ cp /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/share/recovery.conf.sample /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/recovery.conf
[postgres@web2 ~]$ cd /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/
[postgres@web2 data]$ ls
backup_label  pg_dynshmem             pg_logical    pg_serial     pg_subtrans  pg_wal                postgresql.conf.2019-05-23
base          pg_hba.conf             pg_multixact  pg_snapshots  pg_tblspc    pg_xact               recovery.conf
global        pg_hba.conf.2019-05-23  pg_notify     pg_stat       pg_twophase  postgresql.auto.conf
pg_commit_ts  pg_ident.conf           pg_replslot   pg_stat_tmp   PG_VERSION   postgresql.conf
[postgres@web2 data]$ ls /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/data/ |grep recovery.conf
recovery.conf
[postgres@web2 data]$ 

　　5、编辑recovery.conf文件，配置如下（修改是记得备份）

standby_mode = on    #说明这台postgres，为从库
primary_conninfo = 'host=192.168.254.21 port=5432 user=replica password=replica'    #配置要同步的ip及库用户还有密码
recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'    #流复制同步到最新的数据

　　6、编辑postgresql.conf文件，配置如下

listen_addresses = '*'    #这表示监听的ip，这里我设置监听所有ip，也可以设置成从本机ip
wal_level = hot_standby        #注：这个名称要与主的一致
max_connections = 1000        #最大连接数要大于主的
hot_standby = on        #说明这台机器不仅仅用于数据归档，也用于查询 
max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s    #数据流备份最大延迟
wal_receiver_status_interval = 1s    #多久向主报告一次从的状态，当然从每次数据复制都会向主报告状态，这里只是设置最长的间隔时间
hot_standby_feedback = on    #如果有错误的数据复制，是否向主进行反馈

　　7、配置完成后启动从数据库服务

[postgres@web2 data]$ pg_ctl start -l /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/log/pg_server.log
waiting for server to start.... done
server started
[postgres@web2 data]$ 

***这里主从就配置完成啦，接下来就是测试***

测试

　　主：1、psql 　　#进入数据器

　　　　  2、l 　　#查看所有库

　　　　  3、create database test; 　　#新建库

　　　　  4、l　　 #检查是否创建

[postgres@web1 data]$ psql 
psql (10.5)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# l
                                  List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 name      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)

postgres=# create database test;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# l
                                  List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 name      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)

postgres=# 

　　从：1、psql 　　#进入数据库
　　　  2、l　　 #查看库是否与主的一致

[postgres@web2 data]$ pg_ctl start -l /usr/local/pgsql-10.5/log/pg_server.log
waiting for server to start.... done
server started
[postgres@web2 data]$ psql 
psql (10.5)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# l
                                  List of databases
   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding |   Collate   |    Ctype    |   Access privileges   
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 name      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres          +
           |          |          |             |             | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test      | postgres | UTF8     | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)

postgres=# 

***测试没问题哈，这个也是意料中的事情！如果上述博文有什么问题，希望大神读客指出来，欢迎在线批评！！！***